What All You Need To Know About Bladder Stone Removal Surgery

Bladder stones, also known as vesical calculi, are crystallised minerals that form in the bladder. They can cause discomfort, pain, and urinary problems. When non-surgical treatments fail to resolve the issue, bladder stone removal surgery may become necessary. 

Through this ultimate guide on bladder stone surgery, we are going to delve into the details of bladder stones, the indications for surgery, the surgical procedures involved, and what to expect during the recovery process. This guide prepared based on inputs taken from the renowned urologists like Dr. Niren Rao, for Bladder Stone Surgery in Delhi might provide you help in consideration of this treatment. So continue reading. 

What is Bladder Stone?

Bladder stones are hard mineral deposits accumulated in the bladder. They are varied in size and composition. The most common types of bladder stone include calcium stones (calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate), struvite stones, uric acid stones, and cystine stones. It develops when: 

• When urine becomes concentrated
• Bladder remains non-empty and collection of urine is allowing minerals to crystallise and form stones.
• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
• Bladder outlet obstructions
• Enlarged prostate in men
• Certain medical conditions 

Indications for Bladder Stone Removal Surgery

• Persistent Symptoms: Surgery is often considered when symptoms caused by bladder stones persist despite attempts at conservative treatment. Symptoms may include severe pain, hematuria (blood in urine), recurrent urinary tract infections, and difficulty urinating.
• Large Stones: Large bladder stones may not pass naturally and can obstruct the flow of urine, leading to serious complications if left untreated.
• Recurrent Stones: If you have a history of recurrent bladder stones, your doctor may recommend surgery to prevent further episodes.
• Underlying Medical Conditions: Individuals with underlying medical conditions that make them prone to stone formation may require surgical intervention as part of their long-term management.

Diagnostic Test for Bladder Stone

• Urine Test
• X-Ray
• Ultrasound
• Cystoscopy

Types of Bladder Stone Removal Surgery

Several surgical procedures can be used to remove bladder stones, depending on the size, number, and composition of the stones. Here are some common methods:

• Cystolitholapaxy: This minimally invasive procedure is often used for small to moderately sized bladder stones. A thin tube called a cystoscope is inserted through the urethra into the bladder. A laser, ultrasound, or mechanical device is used to break the stones into smaller fragments, which are then removed or allowed to pass naturally. Cystolitholapaxy is typically performed under general anesthesia or sedation.
• Transurethral Resection of Bladder Stones (TURBS): TURBS is used for larger or more complex stones. It involves the use of a cystoscope with a specialized cutting tool to remove the stones in pieces. This procedure is performed under general or regional anaesthesia.

Recovery and Post-Operative Care

After bladder stone removal surgery, it's essential to follow your urologist's instructions for a smooth recovery process. Here are some general post-operative care guidelines:

• Catheter: One may have a urinary catheter in place immediately after surgery to drain urine from the bladder. This is often temporary and will be removed once you are able to urinate on your own.
• Pain Management: Pain and discomfort are common after surgery. The doctor may prescribe pain medications to manage this.
• Fluid Intake: Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water, as it can help flush out any remaining stone fragments and prevent new stone formation.
• Follow-Up Appointments: Attend all follow-up appointments with the urologist to monitor your recovery and address any concerns.
• Activity Restrictions: The doctor may recommend limiting physical activity for a certain period after surgery. This will depend on the type of procedure performed and one’s individual circumstances.
• Dietary Changes: Depending on the type of bladder stones one has, the concerned doctor may suggest dietary modifications to reduce the risk of future stone formation. This might involve changes in the intake of calcium, oxalate, and other minerals.

Complications and Risks

Bladder stone removal surgery is generally considered safe and effective. However, like any surgical procedure, it carries some risks, including:

• Infection: There is a risk of infection following surgery. Your doctor may prescribe antibiotics to reduce this risk.
• Bleeding: Some bleeding is normal after surgery, but excessive bleeding may require further intervention.
• Injury: There is a slight risk of injury to the bladder or surrounding structures during surgery.
• Recurrence: Bladder stones can recur, especially if the underlying causes are not addressed.

Cost of Bladder Stone Removal 

One of the major factors that individuals consider is the cost of the surgery. However, it is important to note that cost is a important factor that is determined based on different variables, that are:

• Type of Procedure: The choice of surgical procedure, whether it's minimally invasive (e.g, cystolitholapaxy or TURBS) or open surgery, has a substantial impact on costs. Minimally invasive procedures are generally less expensive.
• Geographic Location: The cost of medical procedures varies by region and country. Urban areas and regions with a higher cost of living tend to have higher procedure costs.
• Healthcare Facility: The type of hospital or healthcare facility where the surgery is performed can influence the cost. Academic medical centers and private hospitals may have different pricing structures.
• Surgeon's Fee: The surgeon's experience, reputation, and fees can significantly affect the overall cost. Highly skilled and renowned surgeons may charge more for their services.
• Anesthesia and Medications: Costs for anesthesia, pain management medications, and other pharmaceuticals used during and after the procedure can contribute to the total expense.
• Diagnostic Tests: Pre-operative diagnostic tests, such as imaging and blood work, may be necessary and add to the overall cost.
• Complications: Any unexpected complications or additional procedures required during surgery can increase costs.
• Length of Hospital Stay: The duration of hospitalization, if needed, can influence costs. Minimally invasive procedures often result in shorter hospital stays.
• Follow-Up Care: Post-operative care, including follow-up appointments and potential additional treatments, can contribute to the overall cost.

Sum-Up

Bladder stone removal surgery is a viable and effective option for individuals suffering from bladder stones that do not respond to conservative treatments. Understanding the indications, types of surgery, and the recovery process is essential for anyone considering this procedure. If you are in doubt of having bladder stones or have been recommended for surgery, consult with a qualified urologist who can provide personalised guidance and treatment options, tailored to your specific needs. 

To find the Best Urologist in Delhi you may take consultation with Dr. Niren Rao at Delhi Urology Hospital. In general, bladder stone surgery cost at Delhi Urology Hospital starts at INR 25000. To learn more, visit the expert now!